doi: 10.2106/JBJS.OA.21.00084. Methods: A more serious infection may lead to pus or what looks like red streaks down your skin and may cause fever. Cat bite injuries to the hand can progress to serious infection. Felines' sharp teeth can inject harmful bacteria deep into joints and tissue, doctors warn SUNDAY, Feb. 9, 2014 (HealthDay News) -- Cat bites may look less serious than dog bites, but beware: They can cause dangerous infections, particularly when they involve the hand, new research indicates. If the patient is allergic to penicillin, clindamycin 300 mg orally every 6 hours can be used. He is currently an Assistant Professor of Orthopedic Surgery at Louisiana State University (LSU) Health Sciences Center. Not surprising to most who have owned a cat(s), your author included, cat bites most often end up on the hands and arms. We cannot answer questions about whether your bite needs medical attention in the comments section. With these locations, it's not hard for a cat to puncture a joint or the layer of membrane that covers a tendon. Infection in these tissues can be very painful and difficult to treat. Painful and swollen lymph nodes for more than 2 or 3 weeks. In most jurisdictions, physicians are required to report animal bites to the local health department. Time from bite to presentation, white blood cell count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein values at presentation were not associated with hospitalization. An infectious disease consultation was ordered. "Cat bites look very benign, but -- as we know and as the study shows -- they are not," Carlsen said. Puncture wounds from a cat bite have a high risk of infection. Should You Pop the Blisters Caused by Fire Ant Stings? If you have been bitten by a cat, seeyour doctor or visit anurgent care facility. Bothun said she still feels pain in her wrist and does not have full movement. The small but deep puncture wounds are. Additionally, cats mouths carry a large number of bacteria which can cause serious infections in bite wounds. eCollection 2021 Sep. Malizos KN, Papadopoulou ZK, Ziogkou AN, Rigopoulos N, Athanaselis ED, Varitimidis SE, Dailiana ZC. National Library of Medicine Source: The management of bite wounds in children--a retrospective analysis at a level I trauma centre. Bites that appear at first to be minor can ultimately end up requiring serious medical attention, with outcomes far worse than an apparently more damaging dog bite. Dog and cat bites to the hand: treatment and cost assessment. Pulling away, Mr. H fell back and landed on a coffee table with his open right hand hyperextended. If a cat bite breaks your skin, you should seek medical attention if: A cat bite carries a high risk of infection and can be dangerous. Cat bite victims sometimes must have their wounds surgically irrigated or even have infected tissue removed, a procedure called debridement. Treatment of infected bite wounds of the hand includes surgical debridement, with the wound left open, and antibiotics. 2004 Oct;74(10):859-62. doi: 10.1111/j.1445-1433.2004.03189.x. BP was 120/78 mm Hg, pulse 98 beats per minute, pulse oxygenation 97%, temperature 98.8F, and weight 290 lbs. This is particularly true when patients develop inflamed skin and swelling. While cat bites look a lot smaller than dog bites, cat bites have certain features that make them more dangerous. Careers. 2020 Jun 3;8(6):838. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8060838. Discharge instructions and wound-care handouts were provided. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. Dog bites take about twice as long to set in. Risk factors associated with hospitalization included smoking, immunocompromised state, and location of bite over a joint or tendon sheath. Mr. H was sent to radiology for an x-ray to rule out fracture, dislocation, and signs of osteomyelitis. The most common cause of human bites is a tooth-induced injury to the metacarpophalangeal joint as a result of a punch to the mouth (clenched fist injury). There was limited range of motion to the second digit on the right hand (partial flexion). Nearly 40% of cat bites may lead to an infection according to one estimate, which supports the extra attention medical professionals often pay to cat bites. Issues related to infectious tenosynovitis will be reviewed here. Determine the severity of the bite. This then causes the wound to potentially close up around the bacteria, which can lead to an infection. Eikenella corrodens is often seen with human bite injuries and Pasteurella multocida is seen with dog and especially cat bite wounds. Infected Cat Bite On The Wrist Photograph by Dr P. Marazzi/science from fineartamerica.com. Sources: Babovic N, Carlsen BT, Cayci C. Cat Bite Infections of the Hand: Assessment of Morbidity and Predictors of Severe Infection. If you know the cat thats bitten you has a rabies vaccine, its unlikely that youll contract rabies. Of those, 57 were hospitalized; on average, they were in the hospital three days. Cat bites are about twice as likely as dog bites to get infected. Dr. Brandon P. Donnelly | Board Certified Orthopedic Surgeon. MeSH The average length of stay for these patients was 3.2 days. Here's how. How do you know if a cat bite is infected? Can taking antioxidants protect you against cancer? Though cats are soft and cuddly, they may bite or scratch when theyre spooked. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. She said what followed was eight weeks in and out of the hospital, two weeks of surgery every other day to flush the infection out of the wound and remove infected tissue, and antibiotics to treat the rampant infection. The average time people waited between getting bitten and seeking treatment was 27 hours. extreme lower back pain after a nasty cat bite that required intravenus antibiotics in the hospital followed up with pain meds and antibiotics antiinflammatory meds, swelling decreasing throbbing pain decreasing, back pain is unbearable. Another 154 were treated with oral antibiotics as outpatients, although 21 of them eventually had to be hospitalized. 2023 USA TODAY, a division of Gannett Satellite Information Network, LLC. Misunderstanding this risk has led to a worrying number of hospitalizations, as patients require surgery to clean wounds or remove tissue thats become infected. These include: If the cat bite is deep, it can damage your tendon(s). Tendons and ligaments in the hand are especially delicate. Bookshelf Anesthetic Management Using the Oxygen Reserve Index for Tracheal Resection and Tracheal End-to-E A Scoping Review of the Impact of COVID-19 on Kidney Transplant Patients in the United States, Alabama College of Osteopathic Medicine Research, Baylor Scott & White Medical Center Department of Neurosurgery, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Contemporary Reviews in Neurology and Neurosurgery, DMIMS School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Simulation, Biodesign, & Innovation In Medical Education, The Florida Medical Student Research Publications, University of Florida-Jacksonville Neurosurgery, VCOM Clinical, Biomedical, and Educational Research, American Red Cross Scientific Advisory Council, Canadian Association of Radiation Oncology, International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation, International Pediatric Simulation Society, Medical Society of Delaware Academic Channel, Society for Healthcare & Research Development, Surgically Targeted Radiation Therapy for Brain Tumors: Clinical Case Review, Clinical and Economic Benefits of Autologous Epidermal Grafting, Defining Health in the Era of Value-Based Care, Optimization Strategies for Organ Donation and Utilization, MR-Guided Radiation Therapy: Clinical Applications & Experiences, Multiple Brain Metastases: Exceptional Outcomes from Stereotactic Radiosurgery, Proton Therapy: Advanced Applications for the Most Challenging Cases, Radiation Therapy as a Modality to Create Abscopal Effects: Current and Future Practices, Clinical Applications and Benefits Using Closed-Incision Negative Pressure Therapy for Incision and Surrounding Soft Tissue Management, Negative Pressure Wound Therapy with Instillation, NPWT with Instillation and Dwell: Clinical Results in Cleansing and Removal of Infectious Material with Novel Dressings. A small puncture wound, particularly from a human or cat bite, may involve significant injury to the tendon, joint capsule, or articular cartilage. Frost Bite most commonly injures your ears and nose. Handchir Mikrochir Plast Chir. Two thirds of those hospitalized during the study required surgery to flush out the infection in the wounds and middle-aged women were the most common bite victims. Tenderness along the course of a tendon suggests spread to the tendon sheath. Because cat bites usually cover a small area, you will probably be able to cover it with an over-the-counter adhesive Band Aid. When a cat lands on the ground incorrectly after jumping, the ligaments and tendons are at risk of tearing, rupturing or breaking down over time. Infections occur as a result of a combination of the oral flora of the animal and the human skin flora. Arnica, a homeopathic remedy, can help prevent bruising, and Ledum can help prevent infection. eCollection 2021 Sep. Strwald Y, Erdle B, Busch P, Kalbhenn J, Bansbach J. Anaesthesist. In more extreme cases, redirected aggression can cause a cat to lash out at her guardian and cause severe damage. All rights reserved. One study in the New England Journal of Medicine estimated that 63% of cat bites were on the patients hands, followed by the arm with 23% of bites. A prescription was given prophylactically for amoxicillin (Augmentin) 875 mg one orally b.i.d. Pediatrics in review. If the wound is bleeding, dont stop blood flow; in fact, try to encourage bleeding by gently pressing the area around the wound. All rights reserved. Bone or joint pain, abdominal pain (without fever, vomiting, or diarrhea), or excessive tiredness for more than 2 . . Purpose: 2021 Nov 1;71:102993. doi: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102993. 1. What are are the Differences between Cat and Dog Bites? Once symptoms are present, rabies is typically fatal. Physical examination findings of erythema and swelling at presentation were also associated with increased risk of hospitalization. Cat bite: An unusual cause of foot drop. A serious infection can develop 24-48 hours after being bitten. Treatment of hand infections using WALANT -when the anesthesiologist is not available: A retrospective cohort study. From furniture, scratching posts, beds and toys to food dishes and litter boxes, youll find everything you need for your feline family members.View the Product Guide. The researchers studied nearly 200 cat bite cases that occurred between 2009 and 2011. Clinical findings suggestive of the need for hospitalization include location of the bite over a joint or tendon sheath, erythema, pain, and swelling. No fevers, chills, increased redness, or swelling was noted. Do not allow kittens and young cats to play with your hands. Terms of Use. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Kheiran A, Palial V, Rollett R, Wildin CJ, Chatterji U, Singh HP. . You love your cat. Yet most animal bites are avoidable: Understanding how to interact with animals, and staying aware of any signals of aggression or fear, are both critically important. While all bites carry bacteria, your body manages to fend off most infections from dog bites. Bothun said she waited one week after her black cat, Mr. Binks, bit her hand to go to Saint Mary's Hospital, part of the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. All rights reserved. Diagnosis of Ligament and Tendon Conditions in Cats Nine patients (Group B) presented later than 48 hours. Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders, Amoxil, Dispermox, Moxatag, Moxilin , Sumox, Trimox, Biocef, Daxbia , Keflex, Keftab, Panixine, Cleocin, Cleocin Ovules, Cleocin Pediatric, Cleocin T, CLIN, Clindacin ETZ, Clindacin-P, Clinda-Derm , Clindagel, ClindaMax, ClindaReach, Clindesse, Clindets, Evoclin, PledgaClin, XACIATO, Acticlate, Adoxa, Adoxa Pak, Avidoxy, Doryx, Doxal, Doxy 100, LYMEPAK, Mondoxyne NL, Monodox, Morgidox 1x, Morgidox 2x , Okebo, Oracea, Oraxyl, Periostat, TARGADOX, Vibramycin, Vibra-Tabs. We avoid using tertiary references. in New Orleans, where he was awarded the Orthopedic Surgery award. While 3-18 percent of dog bites become infected. (See also complex read more .). for three to five days. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. After being advised of the risk for infection, Mr. H agreed to follow up in three days or sooner if symptoms worsened. Cat bites create narrow, deep puncture wounds. Conscious Cat is reader-supported. Signs and Symptoms Signs that your bite may be infected include: Swelling Redness Warmth Continued pain beyond 24 hours Drainage from the wound Signs that your infection may be spreading include: Red streaks up the arm or forearm Swollen glands around the elbow or in the armpit Fever Tiredness Night sweats Shakes "Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful, committed citizens can change the world. You need to remove the . ", "It can be just a pinpoint bite mark that can cause a real problem," he said, "because the bacteria get into the tendon sheath or into the joint where they can grow with relative protection from the blood and immune system.".
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